International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage Commission Interationale des Irrigation et du Drainage



I&D System Types

Irrigated areas can be categorized in a number of types according to six basic criteria:

  • Is the system individual or collective?
  • Is the system large or small?
  • Does the system use surface water or groundwater?
  • Is irrigation essential for agricultural production, or is it just a supplement to rainfall?
  • Does the system produce mostly subsistence or cash crops?
  • Is the system privately or publicly managed?

The commonly found combinations are:

  • Individual (individually managed), small-scale irrigation using surface water, with inadequate rainfall for cropping, privately producing subsistence crops. For instance, private irrigators using diesel pump to draw water from the river and apply it to small rice plot. Also irrigators turning to groundwater for irrigation.
  • Collective (collectively managed), large-scale irrigation, using surface water to supplement rainfall, producing cash crops, on a publicly managed scheme.
  • Individual, large-scale irrigation using groundwater and producing cash crops in a privately managed system.
  • Collective large-scale irrigation using surface water, with inadequate rainfall, producing food crops, in a publicly managed system.

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Dictionary - I&D System Types Terms

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